What exactly is ADHD?

What exactly is ADHD?
Attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder is a chronic illness characterized by hyperactivity, impulsivity, and trouble retaining focus. It often begins in early infancy and may persist until maturity. The disease is characterized by difficulties with multitasking, concentrating on a single job, time management, organizing, and setting priorities. In addition, it had a low frustration threshold, restlessness, and impulsiveness (Punja, Shamseer, Hartling, Urichuk, Vandermeer, Nikles, & Vohra, 2016).

What exactly is ADHD?
The disease impacts the child’s self-esteem, exacerbates connection difficulties, and leads to a variety of school offenses. Research indicates that genetics, the environment, and central nervous system complications may be key contributing factors in the development of ADHD.

In the case study, Katie has clear ADHD symptoms. The symptoms are objectively and subjectively apparent. The parents describe typical developmental milestones, but she was born with a low 5-minute Apgar score and had trouble sleeping throughout preschool, which may have contributed to the issue. They agreed that Katie had social difficulties with her classmates. She relates insufficient focus and attention to Katie’s involvement with the few questions posed.
First decision point: based on the evaluation of Katie’s situation and the gathered facts, it was determined that she had Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, mostly inattentive presentation. It is the choice that stood out in comparison to other factors.
The choice was made in consideration of Katie’s symptoms. Her conduct demonstrates a complete lack of attention and distraction. She often loses interest in tough work or dull topics due to her lack of attention. Katie is easily distracted and lacks focus.

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She makes casual errors in her homework, forgets what she has previously learned, and has weak spelling, reading, and math skills. Her attention span is brief, and she is only known to focus on topics that fascinate her. She has trouble socializing with her classmates and prefers to play alone during recess. These characteristics meet the DSM-5 criteria for ADHD diagnosis.
I intended to accomplish evidence-based care of Katie’s condition by making this choice. On the basis of the symptoms, a precise diagnosis of the disease might pave the way for the most beneficial therapies supported by scientific evidence.
Knowledge of the disease being treated encourages collaborative approaches including the family, such as psychotherapy introduction (Tegtmejer, Hjorne, & Saljo, 2018). The choice might also guide the development of successful pharmaceutical treatments for ADHD. In this instance, the inclusion of psychotherapy might facilitate behavior modification and improve the child’s attention abilities as he or she matures.
The customer continued to display a marginal improvement in regards to the decision. She was expected to exhibit some behavioral changes; however, the discrepancy between expectations and outcomes was due to the lack of pharmacological measures to complement the already established practices.
Second decision point: Begin Adderall XR 10 mg orally daily
The choice was made due to the client’s lack of progress and the persistence of symptoms. The ruling concerns the appropriate selection of Adderall XR for the treatment of ADHD. Due to the presence of amphetamine and dextroamphetamine, the medicine is effective. It alters the amount of certain chemicals in the brain, hence

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enhancing the capacity to pay attention, managing behavioral issues, and enhancing focus. In addition, it improves listening abilities and work organization (Bélanger, Andrews, Gray, & Korczak, 2018).
Under this choice, I hoped to achieve the client’s proper conduct in order to improve her scholastic focus and concentration on certain tasks. Adderall XR is a stimulant of the central nervous system that alters substances in the brain and nerves that regulate hyperactivity and impulsivity. The usage of this medicine intended to reduce hyperactivity and impulsivity concurrently enhances attention and task-specific concentration.
The client’s performance improved significantly as a result of the implementation of the decision.
Katie began to pay more attention in class, which was a positive indication. However, she experienced daydreaming throughout the afternoon, which impaired her attention. The disparity between the anticipated and actual results might be attributed to the pharmaceutical dose and psychotherapy adherence. Especially in the morning, the concentration of the medication in the body may be reaching a peak in a short period of time. This may need a change of the dose and administration intervals.
Third decision point: Early afternoon should be supplemented with a modest amount of immediate-release Adderall.
The choice was made as a result of the client’s afternoon lack of concentration, which indicated dose abnormalities. A few hours after intake of the first dosage, the client’s concentration improved (Hall et al., 2016). Hence, the

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The decision was made to adjust the dose and add a tiny quantity in the early afternoon to support the student throughout the whole class.
Katie’s undivided attention and focus during the school day was the primary goal of this choice. The afternoon lectures are brief, thus the inclusion of modest dosages. The choice to add a minor dosage was influenced by worries over her reduced appetite since the beginning of treatment. Katie can retain her focus throughout the afternoon and into the early evening, when she must finish her homework, if she takes a modest dosage of immediate-release Adderall in the afternoon.
The individual is anticipated to achieve full-day attentiveness after the intervention. The disparity between expectations and outcomes may be modest. However, small relapse flashes were seen owing to her growth. At her age, she is still developing, and the medicine dosage could not be adjusted to meet her body’s needs over time. Therefore, it may be necessary to gradually alter the amount.

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References

Bélanger, S. A., Andrews, D., Gray, C., & Korczak, D. (2018). ADHD in children and adolescents: Part 1—Etiology, diagnosis, and co-occurring disorders. Paediatrics and Child Health, 23(7), pages 447-453.

C. L. Hall, A. Z. Valentine, M. J. Groom, G. M. Walker, K. Sayal, D. Daley, and C. Hollis (2016). A comprehensive study of the therapeutic efficacy of the continuous performance test and objective measures of activity for diagnosing and monitoring ADHD in children. 25(7), 677-699, European child & adolescent psychiatry.

Punja, S., Shamseer, L., Hartling, L., Urichuk, L., Vandermeer, B., Nikles, J., & Vohra, S. (2016). Children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are treated with amphetamines.

Cochran Tegtmejer, T., Hjorne, E., & Saljo, R. (2018). Diagnosing Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Danish elementary school children: a case study of the institutional classification of emotional and behavioral issues. 23(2), 127-140, Emotional and Behavioral Difficulties.

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